What am I doing wrong here?
This feature is not available yet nor in your version nor in current openzfs version.
https://github.com/openzfs/zfs/blob/master/man/man8/zpool-attach.8#L48
Answer from gapsf on Stack ExchangeGitHub
github.com › openzfs › zfs › discussions › 15232
RAIDZ Expansion feature discussion · openzfs/zfs · Discussion #15232
Raidz1 with larger drives has a tendency to break during resilver. Beta Was this translation helpful? Give feedback. ... There was an error while loading. Please reload this page. Something went wrong. There was an error while loading. Please reload this page. ... With my N00b level of understanding you did a great job of explaining. With that said I think I lean towards Backup-copy My 2 disk mirrored Vdev, then create a brand new with my now 3 disks and then copy back the data into the new vdev?
Author openzfs
Proxmox
forum.proxmox.com › home › forums › proxmox virtual environment › proxmox ve: installation and configuration
[SOLVED] - Adding more disks to an already exist ZFS RaidZ1 | Proxmox Support Forum
May 4, 2021 - Click to expand... Noted! ... Replace 1 old disk with a new disk which is empty. Use the old disk with the 2 new remain Disks. Click to expand... Hi again, NOW: raidz1 with this HDDs: N1, N2, N3 You have 3 new HDDs: X1,X2,X3 Before you start, ...
debian - expanding ZFS raid-z vdev with newly added disks? - Unix & Linux Stack Exchange
Stack Exchange network consists of 183 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers · Stack Overflow for Teams is now called Stack Internal. Bring the best of human thought and AI ... More on unix.stackexchange.com
Adding Disk to RaidZ1
Hi, i use Version: TrueNAS-13.0-U5.2 with 3x6tb drives in the pool, i reached 80%+ space usage and wanted to add another 6tb drive but i can't figure out how i should be able to. if i want to add another vdev core tells me i need at least 3 disks... "This type of VDEV requires at least 3... More on truenas.com
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July 25, 2023TrueNAS Tutorial: Expanding Your ZFS RAIDz VDEV with a Single Drive [YouTube Release] - Youtube Releases - Lawrence Systems Forums
Additional Resources: My Previos Video on TrueNAS: How To Expand A ZFS Pool TrueNAS Scale 24.10 Documentation Managing Pools | TrueNAS Documentation Hub ZFS In Place Rebalanci… More on forums.lawrencesystems.com
0
September 13, 2024Expanding Raidz pool by adding single disk
I have a zpool of 3x2TB NVME drives. I would like to add a fourth. They are all the same drive from the same manufacturer. I'm trying to use zfs attach and getting an error of cannot attach nvme-eui.6479a78dd00000d8 to raidz1-0: can only attach to mirrors and top-level disks I've tried doing it f... More on forums.unraid.net
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December 31, 2024DiskInternals
diskinternals.com › home › raid recovery › zfs raid expansion: how to expand raidz and zfs pools safely
ZFS RAID Expansion: How to Expand RAIDZ and ZFS Pools Safely | DiskInternals
February 2, 2026 - However, in ZFS, the RAIDZ structure is more fixed, and expanding it requires either adding a new vdev (a collection of disks) to the pool or replacing each disk with larger ones, which can be time-consuming and limits flexibility.
TrueNAS Community
truenas.com › forums › truenas core › hardware and upgrades
Adding Disk to RaidZ1 | TrueNAS Community
July 25, 2023 - "This type of VDEV requires at least 3 disks" "Caution: Adding data vdevs with different numbers of disks is not recommended. First vdev has 3 disks, new vdev has 1." i just want to add more space ... At present, you can NOT add a column / disk to a RAID-Zx vDev. It is a limitation of ZFS. Their are 2 ways to expand a pool:
Top answer 1 of 2
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You can't extend the existing raidz1 vdev by adding another disk but you can add another vdev to the pool to increase the pool's capacity. You'll need more than one additional disk if you want to retain redundancy. For example, you could use two disks to add a mirror vdev or 3+ disks for another raidz1 vdev.
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I know this question is old, but I just came across it. It looks like the ability to extend a RAIDZ one drive at a time is in the works! No ETA that I've seen though.
https://www.freebsdfoundation.org/blog/openzfs-raid-z-online-expansion-project-announcement/
Lawrence Systems
forums.lawrencesystems.com › youtube releases
TrueNAS Tutorial: Expanding Your ZFS RAIDz VDEV with a Single Drive [YouTube Release] - Youtube Releases - Lawrence Systems Forums
September 13, 2024 - Additional Resources: My Previos Video on TrueNAS: How To Expand A ZFS Pool TrueNAS Scale 24.10 Documentation Managing Pools | TrueNAS Documentation Hub ZFS In Place Rebalancing Script FreeBSD Developer Summit: Raid-Z Expansion video https://youtu.be/yF2KgQGmUic?si=9qk66NC_xF8BIKWQ Connect With Us Hire Us for a project: Hire Us – Lawrence Systems Toms’ Twitter 🐦 https://twitter.com/TomLawrenceTech Our Website https://www.lawrencesystems.com/ ...
Top answer 1 of 2
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You can't expand an existing raidz vdev, you have to blow it away and create it again with the new drive(s). See the other answer for better details.
Side note: Someone actually worked out that it's technically possibly to add drives to a raidz, but the functionality hasn't been implemented. The same is true of removing a disk.
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See this thread from one of the FreeBSD lists: http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-fs/2009-June/006327.html
To quote Dan Naumov,
To reiterate, you cant just add a single disk drive to a raidz1 or raidz2 pool. This is a known limitation (you can check with SUN ZFS docs). If you have an existing raidz and you MUST increase that particular pool's storage capabilities, you have 3 options:
1) Add a raidz of the same configuration to the pool (think 3 disk raidz + 3 disk raidz or 5 + 5, for example)
2) Replace each (and every) disk in your raidz pool one by one, letting it resilver after inserting each upgraded disk
3) Backup your data, destroy your pool and create a new raidz pool with a bigger amount of disks.
Unraid
forums.unraid.net › home › unraid os support › general support › expanding raidz pool by adding single disk
Expanding Raidz pool by adding single disk - General Support - Unraid
December 31, 2024 - I have a zpool of 3x2TB NVME drives. I would like to add a fourth. They are all the same drive from the same manufacturer. I'm trying to use zfs attach and getting an error of cannot attach nvme-eui.6479a78dd00000d8 to raidz1-0: can only attach to mirrors and top-level disks I've tried doing it f...
FreeBSD Foundation
freebsdfoundation.org › home › blog › openzfs raid-z expansion: a new era in storage flexibility
OpenZFS RAID-Z Expansion: A New Era in Storage Flexibility | FreeBSD Foundation
February 24, 2025 - Better Resource Utilization: Previously, expanding RAID-Z required adding an entirely new vdev, often leading to inefficient use of older pools. Now, storage scales dynamically. Minimal Downtime: Expansion occurs while the system remains operational. This demonstration of RAID-Z expansion uses a recent FreeBSD 15-CURRENT snapshot: bsd_FreeBSD-15.0-CURRENT-amd64-zfs-20250116-054c5ddf587a-274800.raw from 2025/01/16, which includes all the latest OpenZFS 2.3 goodies.
Reddit
reddit.com › r/proxmox › add third drive to a zfs mirror possible?
r/Proxmox on Reddit: Add third drive to a zfs mirror possible?
November 26, 2024 -
Hi, i have a zfs mirror of 4TB drives and i want to add a third 4TB drive. Is it possible to turn zfs mirror to raid z1 without loosing my data?
Update:
so i know i cant turn a mirror to a z1 but how hard is it to add drives to raid z1? for example from 3 to 4
Top answer 1 of 6
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You can break the mirror and remove one of the drives, then use that and the third drive to create a raidz1 in a degraded state (one drive missing). Now copy the files from the degraded mirror to the degraded raidz1, wipe the mirror, and add it to the raidz1.
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To a raidz1? No. To a three drive mirror? Yes.
Proxmox
forum.proxmox.com › home › forums › proxmox virtual environment › proxmox ve: installation and configuration
Adding new disks to Raidz | Proxmox Support Forum
March 8, 2022 - Then you should look at the zpool attach command as the zpool add command will create an additional vdev and what you want IIUC is ... NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM fastsas5 ONLINE 0 0 0 raidz1-0 ONLINE 0 0 0 scsi-35001e82002774394 ONLINE 0 0 ...
Ars Technica
arstechnica.com › gadgets › 2021 › 06 › raidz-expansion-code-lands-in-openzfs-master
ZFS fans, rejoice—RAIDz expansion will be a thing very soon - Ars Technica
June 15, 2021 - Credit: Matthew Ahrens · From a practical perspective, Ahrens’ new vdev expansion feature merely adds new capabilities to an existing command, namely, zpool attach, which is normally used to add a disk to a single-disk vdev (turning it into ...
FreeBSD Foundation
freebsdfoundation.org › home › blog › raid-z expansion feature for zfs in the home stretch
RAID-Z Expansion Feature for ZFS In the Home Stretch | FreeBSD Foundation
February 9, 2022 - In this command example “zpool attach” means attach a disk to the pool and “test” is the name of the pool. The name of the existing raidz vdev is “raidz2-0” and “/var/tmp/6” is the name of the new disk.
FreeBSD
forums.freebsd.org › base system › storage
ZFS - vdev Expansion in zfs 2.3.0 | The FreeBSD Forums
December 4, 2024 - Adding a single drive to an existing vdev can (should) be done by adding a drive of the same size and will roughly expand pool capacity by the size of the drive once zfs housekeeping is complete.
FreeBSD
forums.freebsd.org › base system › storage
Solved - Add disk to existing raidz | The FreeBSD Forums
February 4, 2025 - ~ [prometheus] % zpool status stranger pool: stranger state: ONLINE scan: scrub repaired 0B in 00:14:48 with 0 errors on Thu Jan 30 14:31:57 2025 config: NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM stranger ONLINE 0 0 0 raidz1-0 ONLINE 0 0 0 da1 ONLINE 0 0 0 da2 ONLINE 0 0 0 da3 ONLINE 0 0 0 da4 ONLINE 0 0 0 da5 ONLINE 0 0 0 da6 ONLINE 0 0 0 da7 ONLINE 0 0 0 errors: No known data errors I want to add the da0 hard drive, I trued using zpool add: ... ~ [prometheus] % zpool add stranger raidz da0 da1 da2 da3 da4 da5 da6 da7 invalid vdev specification use '-f' to override the following errors: /dev/da1 is part of
Proxmox
forum.proxmox.com › home › forums › proxmox virtual environment › proxmox ve: installation and configuration
ZFS RAIDZ2 : how to add another disk for extend zpool space ? | Proxmox Support Forum
May 25, 2020 - You only need some other let say temporay(tmp) zfs pool - zfs send / recive from curent pool to tmp pool - destroy curent pool - add your new disk - create a ne pool using the new disk - zfs let say receive/send from tmp pool to your new pool - end task ...
TrueNAS Community
truenas.com › forums › archives › freenas (legacy software releases) › freenas help & support › storage
Expanding RaidZ1 with single disk | TrueNAS Community
August 10, 2018 - Click to expand... With traditional mirrors (2 disks per vdev) that's correct. That's why I said that a ZFS mirror isn't limited to 2 disks. Depending on your risk tolerance one might look at 3 or 4 way mirrors.
Reddit
reddit.com › r/zfs › is there a way to expand a zfs pool after creation?
r/zfs on Reddit: Is there a way to expand a zfs pool after creation?
July 20, 2021 -
If I start off with 3x 2tb drives and when those fill up can I put another 2tb drive in to add to the array?
Top answer 1 of 6
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Convention says you will have to add three more 2tb drives. There's a new expandable vdev layout available, but you can't switch an existing pool to it that I'm aware of. Since your pool is small, it should be easy to wipe it, rebuild with the 4th disk and restore from backup.
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You wont want to run raidz1 with 3 or any number of disks generally.