BigQuery

You can now use variables in BigQuery. To run the statements that you provided, you need to use DECLARE:

DECLARE fromdate TIMESTAMP DEFAULT '2014-01-01 00:00:00';  -- dates for after 2013
DECLARE todate TIMESTAMP DEFAULT '2015-01-01 00:00:00';

DECLARE bfromdate TIMESTAMP DEFAULT '2005-01-01 00:00:00'; -- dates for before 2013
DECLARE btodate TIMESTAMP DEFAULT '2005-01-01 00:00:00';

DECLARE achfromdate TIMESTAMP DEFAULT '2013-01-01 00:00:00'; -- dates for ACH without submit time in 2013
DECLARE achtodate TIMESTAMP DEFAULT '2013-01-01 00:00:00';

DECLARE currency STRING DEFAULT "USD";

You can use variables in statements after declaring them, e.g.:

DECLARE fromdate TIMESTAMP DEFAULT '2014-01-01 00:00:00';  -- dates for after 2013
DECLARE todate TIMESTAMP DEFAULT '2015-01-01 00:00:00';

SELECT FORMAT('From %t to %t', fromdate, todate);

See also the scripting documentation.