In this study, we evaluated the influences of graphene oxide (GO) on biofilm formation. Escherichia coli MG1655 and Bacillus subtilis 168 were used as models for Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The growth profiles and viability assays indicated that GO exhibited a high antibacterial activity, of which the negative effects on bacteria growth raised with the increasing GO concentration.

Here and according to the obtained data, we suggest that the biofilm responses were mainly associated to indirect effects initiated by the overproduction of EPS by the diatom. This potentially increased the amount of carbon available for bacterial metabolism and further benefit to the diatom. However, the oxidized form of graphene was shown to strongly impact bacterial biomass.

A significant increase in the enzymatic (SOD and GSTs activity) and low molecular weight (lipids and carotenoids) antioxidant response was observed, that efficiently reduced oxidative stress effects, reducing the level of peroxidation, and preserving membrane integrity. Being complex entities, biofilms are more similar to environmental communities and may provide more accurate information to evaluate the impact of GO in aquatic systems. Keywords: graphene oxide, freshwater biofilms, shading, photosynthetic pigments, oxidative damage, antioxidant activity

January 18, 2023 - In fact, GNP clusters are likely to promote the membrane-piercing effect of exposed graphene particles, consequently affecting cell integrity [37,67]. It is hypothesized that the first layer of adhered cells is particularly affected by this dart-like effect, impairing the subsequent adhesion of cell layers, and, therefore, curbing long-term biofilm formation. Overall, these results corroborate the previously reported antibacterial and antifouling properties of graphene materials [32,51,75,76]. Figure 5 includes representative 3D images retrieved through OCT from biofilms formed by C. marina on PDMS (Figure 5a,b) and G5/PDMS (Figure 5c,d) at incubation days 21 (Figure 5a,c) and 42 (Figure 5b,d).

May 8, 2023 - The current review is dedicated to molecular mechanisms underlying the antimicrobial property of graphene-based materials. Various physical and chemical mechanisms leading to cell membrane stress, mechanical wrapping, photo-thermal ablation as well as oxidative stress exerting antimicrobial effect have also been thoroughly discussed.

The graphene surface provides an effective barrier thereby preventing physical contact between the bacteria and underlying substrate to substantially suppress interaction, which is an essential requirement for the establishment of the biofilm.

February 28, 2021 - Here and according to the obtained data, we suggest that the biofilm responses were mainly associated to indirect effects initiated by the overproduction of EPS by the diatom. This potentially increased the amount of carbon available for bacterial metabolism and further benefit to the diatom. However, the oxidized form of graphene was shown to strongly impact bacterial biomass.

November 11, 2020 - On the one hand, multiple reports describe GMs promoting bacterial growth and biofilm formation (ElMekawy et al., 2017; Ruiz et al., 2011; Hegab et al., 2016). In these studies, pristine graphene (Gr), graphene oxide (GO), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) are put forward as high-performance materials for diverse applications where bacterial metabolism must be stimulated such as power generation by microbial fuel cells (MFCs) or the acceleration of methane production by anaerobic digestion (Cotts et al., 2020; Tian et al., 2017).

June 27, 2019 - Graphene oxide (GO) has been reported to possess antibacterial activity; therefore, its accumulation in the environment could affect microbial communities such as biofilms. The susceptibility of biofilms to antimicrobials is known to depend ...

March 14, 2026 - Furthermore, due to their small size, high specific surface area, and other unique physicochemical properties, graphene derivatives are also effective in inhibiting the formation of bacterial biofilm (Cao et al., 2021).

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March 1, 2026 - The crucial aspects of metal nanoparticles and their complexation with graphene have been extensively understood at the molecular level in this review article. The molecular interplay between the various external stimuli, like pH, temperature, sound, mechanical stimuli, and different external factors, on biofilm regulation has been studied and accentuated in the paper. The effect of such external factors succumbing to the biofilm-producing microbes, to the potential inhibitory activities of such novel nano-composites has been unraveled in the present review.

August 24, 2024 - According to recent studies, graphene promotes the formation of biofilms and bacterial growth [13,14,15]. Graphene is a promising candidate for biological, antifouling, and anticorrosion applications despite the lack of substantial research ...

January 29, 2025 - The goal of the work was to study the effect of graphene oxide (GO) and its reduced form (rGO) on the formation and destruction of Candida maltosa VKPM Y-194 biofilms, metabolic activity, intracellular ATP content, and the permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane of biofilm cells.

April 28, 2017 - With respect to control, the total pigment content of biofilm on falcon tube walls increased with increasing graphene dose (see figure 4 (b)), for 4th day biofilms. This confirms increase of pigment content of biofilms when grown with graphene.