national coal consumption
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The People's Republic of China is the largest producer and consumer of coal and coal power in the world. China produces approximately 4.8 billion tons of coal per year, over half of … Wikipedia
Factsheet
Country People's Republic of China
Factsheet
Country People's Republic of China
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Wikipedia
en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Coal_in_China
Coal in China - Wikipedia
1 day ago - As a result, the role of coal has been evolving in China; new coal capacity is being continued to be built primarily to ensure energy security and provide grid reliability to manage peak demand and variability in renewable generation. This has led to coal plants being increasingly used at lower utilization rates, shifting from ...
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Yale e360
e360.yale.edu › digest › china-coal-exports-2025
As Wind and Solar Grow, China Ships More Coal Overseas - Yale E360
June 24, 2025 - Exports in the first five months of 2025 are up 13 percent over the same period last year, Bloomberg reports, with Japan, Indonesia, and South Korea the top buyers of Chinese coal.
Discussions

Why is USA exporting metallurgical coal to China?
They don’t hoard it, they use it, about 30% of the worlds production comes from there. And yes, they’re heavily subsidized, that’s why they normally end up facing special tariffs, such as the 263% one for tinplate. I just did a similar report, dm and we can discuss More on reddit.com
🌐 r/metallurgy
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January 12, 2024
China Was Responsible for 96% of Coal Plants Constructed in 2023
China added 230GW (out of global 510GW) of renewable energy and 17GW of coal energy (out of global 18 GW) in 2023. Coal plant construction was minimal… More on reddit.com
🌐 r/China
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February 7, 2024
Coal-fired electricity generation in China dwarfs every other country and is rising fast
The “West” should cut its consumption of useless crap that’s made in China. They really are just feeding the beast. More on reddit.com
🌐 r/climate
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April 20, 2024
China responsible for 95% of new coal power construction in 2023
There's some extraordinarily good news hidden behind this seemingly depressing headline. Apart from China, the world has virtually stopped building coal power! There's loads of developing countries who, not too long ago, would have been eyeing coal as a cheap ticket to provide the prosperity their citizens are starting to afford. Now it seems(and of course one never knows if a trend holds and what hidden factors are in there, interest rates anyone?) they are going for RE instead. China building coal power is worrying. But China is a single nation, one of the world's largest economies, and a powerful state with ambitious carbon pledges. Much better than 80 developing countries who could never afford or have the political will to shut down those plants early, which I'm hoping China might do. More on reddit.com
🌐 r/energy
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April 12, 2024
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Reuters
reuters.com › markets › commodities › china-buys-less-russian-coal-2024-despite-record-imports-2025-01-20
China buys less Russian coal in 2024 despite record imports | Reuters
January 20, 2025 - China, the world's top coal importer, bought less Russian coal in 2024 while increasing purchases from other key suppliers, led by Australia, during a record year for coal imports, customs data showed on Monday.
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The Coal Hub
thecoalhub.com › home › coal technology › coal imports: indonesia is still the top supplier of coal to china
Coal imports: Indonesia is still the top supplier of coal to China | The Coal Hub
February 13, 2024 - Indonesia is still by far the top supplier of coal to China accounting for 55.8% of China’s imports in the full 12 months of 2023. Arrivals from Indonesia increased by +24.7% y-o-y to 205.7 mln tonnes in the full 12 months of 2023 compared to 164.9 mln t 2022.
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Global Energy Monitor
gem.wiki › China_and_coal
China and coal - Global Energy Monitor
May 30, 2025 - In September 2010, China's fourth-largest coal miner Yanzhou Coal said it will pay $682 million in an effort to acquire 51% of Inner Mongolia Haosheng Coal Mining. Yanzhou said it is looking to bolster reserves as Chinese coal consumption continues to surge. Yanzhou will pay $682.1 million to two sellers for a 35.5 percent stake in the developer of the Shilawusu coal field, and seek to buy a further 15.5 percent through an open bidding process, according to Bloomberg News.
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US Coal Exports
uscoalexports.org › home › china
China Archives - US Coal Exports
U.S. coal, critical minerals and liquefied natural gas this week again emerged as a bull’s-eye in an escalating trade war between President Donald Trump and China. While Trump in recent days backed off imposing tariffs on goods from Canada and Mexico, the president continues to push duties on Chinese goods, a move that’s already rattling the […]
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MINING.COM
mining.com › home › syndicated content › china may seek more coal from mongolia as russia’s share shrinks
China may seek more coal from Mongolia as Russia’s share shrinks - MINING.COM
January 21, 2025 - China’s record coal purchases last year were driven by big increases in supplies from Australia and Mongolia, while Russian cargoes actually fell.
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The Australian Financial Review
afr.com › markets › commodities
China buys cheap coking coal from Russia as world shuns Moscow
April 20, 2022 - Hong Kong | China more than doubled imports of steel-making coal from Russia in March, buying it at a discount as other nations move to ban deliveries because of Moscow’s war in Ukraine.
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Worlds Top Exports
worldstopexports.com › coal-imports-by-country
Coal Imports by Country 2024
July 4, 2025 - ... By value, the listed 15 countries shipped 99.94% of coal imported by mainland China in 2024. Among the above countries, the fastest-growing suppliers of coal to China from 2023 to 2024 were: Tanzania (up 113.4%), Colombia (up 54.2%), Australia (up 49.8%) and Malaysia (up 44.3%).
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TIME
time.com › world › china › china is finding fewer reliable sources of coal. that could be bad news for the climate
China Is Finding Fewer Reliable Sources of Coal. Here's Why That Matters
January 12, 2022 - Much of China's imported coal now comes from Indonesia, but a surprise ban on Indonesian coal exports left China in the lurch.
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Reuters
reuters.com › markets › commodities › chinas-2023-coal-imports-australia-rise-below-pre-ban-era-2024-01-20
China's 2023 coal imports from Australia rise, but below pre-ban era | Reuters
January 22, 2024 - BEIJING, Jan 20 (Reuters) - China's ... levels as the supplier tries to regain market share from cheaper competitors Mongolia and Russia....
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South China Morning Post
scmp.com › economy › china economy
China’s imports of US coal, Canadian barley continue to climb amid ban on Australian exports | South China Morning Post
China continued to buy large quantities of coal from the United States in March, moving it closer to meeting its obligations under the US-China trade deal and replacing Australian coal exports that were banned in October.
Published   April 30, 2021
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Carnegie Endowment
carnegieendowment.org › 2012 › 02 › 16 › understanding-china-s-rising-coal-imports-pub-47215
Understanding China's Rising Coal Imports - Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
February 16, 2012 - Coal imported from overseas suppliers can help Chinese buyers ensure a stable supply of coal especially during the peak demand season. Chinese consumers along the southeastern coastline may therefore prefer coal imports for the purpose of supply stability. From the perspective of the Chinese government, rising coal imports might be encouraged as a way to ease China’s deteriorating transportation bottlenecks.
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Sxcoal
sxcoal.com › en
Sxcoal - Premier Intelligence on China's Coal Market
We presently have produced indices for main coal products at key areas, with quality and transport distance based premium and discounts for relevant products.Details ... CCI Daily is a daily newsletter offering the latest updates on China's coastal and import thermal coal markets, coking coal and coke markets in major production and consumption areas, and the Fenwei CCI index and CCI assessments for thermal/metallurgical coal, coke prices, coastal and seaborne coal shipping rates, coal stocks and vessel updates of major ports, coal stocks and uses at main coastal plants.
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Reddit
reddit.com › r/metallurgy › why is usa exporting metallurgical coal to china?
r/metallurgy on Reddit: Why is USA exporting metallurgical coal to China?
January 12, 2024 -

I'm doing research on the coal industry and noticed met coal producers export upwards of 75% to China for steel manufacturing. USA has a 24% of the worlds coal reserves vs China 13%. Right now, China's national coal inventory is at a record high (see attached photo).

For China's steel industry for 2022, 902M finished steel and 1billion

  1. How come China doesn't produce its own met coke instead imports it from the US and Australia?

  2. Why is China hoarding all this coal?

  3. With China being the largest steel producers, what drives demand? I believe the industry is highly subsidized by the government.

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Reuters
reuters.com › markets › commodities › global-coal-exports-post-rare-decline-2025-china-cuts-2025-12-16
Global coal exports post rare decline in 2025 on China cuts | Reuters
December 16, 2025 - The two largest coal importers - China and India - accounted for 48% of all thermal coal imports, and both registered import contractions this year due to a combination of higher domestic coal production and greater power supplies from other sources.
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IEA
iea.org › countries › china › coal
China - Countries & Regions - IEA
Coal is extracted from underground or surface mines and comes in several types or ranks.
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Reuters
reuters.com › markets › commodities › china-sells-coking-coal-indonesia-rare-trade-sources-say-2025-06-16
China sells coking coal to Indonesia in rare trade, sources say | Reuters
June 16, 2025 - Shanxi Coking Coal, China Risun and Dexin Steel did not immediately respond to requests seeking comment. Reuters was unable to reach Hong Kong Jinteng Development Ltd. Independent consultant Lawrence Yan said the moves were designed to test ...
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Bloomberg
bloomberg.com › news › articles › 2023-05-23 › china-buys-more-australian-coal-as-appetite-for-quality-builds
China Buys More Australia Coal at Highest Level Since Ban - Bloomberg
May 24, 2023 - Australian coal continues to make inroads among Chinese buyers, adding to pressure on domestic prices, with new shipments climbing to their highest level since Beijing halted imports in the fall of 2020. That ban ended at the start of this year and China’s appetite for the high-quality coal supplied by Australia is gaining momentum amid concerns that rising domestic production includes too much lower-grade fuel. Australian cargoes in April of mostly thermal coal for power plants surged 75% from the prior month to 3.89 million tons, according to Chinese customs data.
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Forbes
forbes.com › companies › china-coal-energy
China Coal Energy | Company Overview & News
1 month ago - China Coal Energy Co., Ltd. engages in the business of coal production & trading, coal chemical, coal mining equipment manufacturing, pit mouth power generation