has been the Prime Minister of Hungary since 2010, leading the right-wing populist Fidesz party, and previously served from 1998 to 2002. He is the longest-serving prime minister in Hungary's history, having won four consecutive terms with supermajorities, and is currently facing a pivotal re-election challenge in April 2026.
Orbán's governance has been characterized by a shift toward what he calls "illiberal democracy", marked by centralized power, curbs on media freedom, weakened judicial independence, and anti-immigration and anti-LGBTQ+ policies. The European Parliament and multiple international observers have described Hungary under his rule as a "hybrid regime of electoral autocracy", with accusations of voter intimidation, kleptocracy, and erosion of democratic norms.
He maintains close ties with Russian President Vladimir Putin, often clashing with EU allies over energy and foreign policy, including blocking key aid to Ukraine.
Orbán has cultivated relationships with right-wing leaders globally, including Donald Trump, and positions himself as a defender of Christian European identity.
Despite declining popularity and economic stagnation, he remains a dominant figure in Hungarian politics, with the upcoming election seen as the toughest challenge to his 16-year rule.
Factsheet
Assumed office
29 May 2010
Pál Schmitt
László Kövér (acting)
János Áder
Katalin Novák
László Kövér (acting)
Tamás Sulyok
Assumed office
29 May 2010
Pál Schmitt
László Kövér (acting)
János Áder
Katalin Novák
László Kövér (acting)
Tamás Sulyok