The c-Jun NH2-terminal kinases (JNKs) are an evolutionarily conserved sub-group of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases. Recent studies have improv…

JNK is a key regulator of many cellular events, including programmed cell death (apoptosis). In the absence of NF-κB activation, prolonged JNK activation contributes to TNF-α induced apoptosis. JNK is also essential for UV induced apoptosis. However, recent studies reveal that JNK can suppress ...

Because understanding the modes ... catalytic mechanisms and substrates, recent advances in these areas of JNK biochemistry are also considered. In addition, the use of JNK gene knockout animals is continuing to reveal in vivo functions for these kinases, with tissue-specific ...

Keeping in mind that JNK3 is ... it is possible to hypothesize that inhibition of JNK3 might be considered as a potential target for treating neurodegenerative mechanisms associated with AD. Keywords: apoptosis, βamyloid, tau, kinase, inhibitors, SP600125, D-JNKI1 · Since its discovery more than 20 years ago, the c-Jun N-terminal kinase family (JNK) has remained a subject of intense research interest with continued efforts to evaluate its biochemistry and regulation, ...

The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway plays a critical role in mediating apoptosis in the developing and mature organism. The JNK signal…

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The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) family includes three proteins (JNK1-3) that regulate many physiological processes, including inflammatory responses, morph...

c-Jun NH[2] -terminal kinase (JNK) was discovered almost 20 years ago as the protein kinase responsible for phosphorylating c-Jun at Ser-63 and Ser-73. These sites had previously been demonstrated to be essential for the stimulation of c-Jun activity ...

JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) is a member of the MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) family that regulates a range of biological processes implicated in tumorigenesis and neurodegenerative disorders. For example, genetic studies have demonstrated that the removal of specific Jnk genes can ...

MKK4 belongs to the Ser/Thr protein kinase family. This gene encodes a dual specificity protein kinase. MKK4 is a direct activator of MAP kinases in response to various environmental stresses or mitogenic stimuli. It activates MAPK8/JNK1, MAPK9/JNK2, and MAPK14/p38, but not MAPK1/ERK2 or MAPK3/ERK3.

Lisnock J., Griffin P., Calaycay ... 1. Biochemistry. 2000;39:3141–3148. [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 44. Fleming Y., Armstrong C.G., Morrice N., Paterson A., Goedert M., Cohen P. Synergistic activation of stress-activated protein kinase 1/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK1/JNK) isoforms by ...

Most tumor cells reprogram their glucose metabolism as a result of mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressors, leading to the constitutive activation of signaling pathways involved in cell growth. This metabolic reprogramming, known as aerobic glycolysis or the Warburg effect, allows tumor ...

From JNK to pay dirt: jun kinases, their biochemistry, physiology and clinical importance. Karin M, Gallagher E. Karin M, et al. IUBMB Life. 2005 Apr-May;57(4-5):283-95. doi: 10.1080/15216540500097111. IUBMB Life. 2005. PMID: 16036612 Review. Activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and c-Jun-NH(2)-terminal kinase but not p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases is ...

From JNK to pay dirt: jun kinases, their biochemistry, physiology and clinical importance.

Park and colleagues (1) have provided ... into the biochemistry of JNK signaling during inflammation. However, all too often experimental in vitro settings cannot replicate the physiological environment, and future studies regarding the effect of NO on JNK signaling must confirm that JNK is in fact inhibited ...

The c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) is an important player in inflammation, proliferation, and apoptosis. More recently, JNK was found to regulate cell migration by phosphorylating paxillin. Here, we report a novel role of JNK in cell adhesion. Specifically, ...

The mitogen-activated kinases JNK1/2/3 are key enzymes in signaling modules that transduce and integrate extracellular stimuli into coordinated cellul…

August 8, 2023 - Activation occurs through a dual phosphorylation of threonine (Thr) and tyrosine (Tyr) residues within a Thr-Pro-Tyr motif located in kinase subdomain VIII. Activation is carried out by two MAP kinase kinases, MKK4 and MKK7, and JNK can be inactivated by Ser/Thr and Tyr protein phosphatases.

These JIP-derived peptides inhibitors ... kinetic mechanism of JNK2 [82]. The results have provided important insights into the biochemistry of JNK including that protein substrate binding is primarily due to the distal contacts in the JNK2 docking groove, that there is minimal ...

c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) are among the most crucial mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and regulate various cellular processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, and inflammation. Microbes heavily rely on cellular signaling pathways for their effective replication; ...