proverbial phrase from antiquity linked to an anecdote
Damocles sits on a throne, looking apprehensively at a sword suspended above him. Dionysius is standing next to him and gestures at the sword. Servants, courtiers, and guards surround the two men.
A scene from Keppler's Puck shows Damocles in a crown labeled "industry" standing beneath a sword labeled "coal strikes"
The Sword of Damocles is an ancient Greek moral anecdote, an allusion to the imminent and ever-present peril faced by those in positions of power. Its main character, Damocles, was based on … Wikipedia
Factsheet
Damocles Δαμοκλῆς
In-universe information
Occupation Courtier
Factsheet
Damocles Δαμοκλῆς
In-universe information
Occupation Courtier
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Wikipedia
en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Sword_of_Damocles
Sword of Damocles - Wikipedia
5 days ago - The Sword of Damocles is an ancient Greek moral anecdote, an allusion to the imminent and ever-present peril faced by those in positions of power.
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Encyclopedia Britannica
britannica.com › philosophy & religion › ancient religions & mythology
Damocles | Legend, Sword, & Facts | Britannica
March 27, 2026 - According to the legend, when Damocles spoke in extravagant terms of his sovereign’s happiness, Dionysius invited him to a sumptuous banquet and seated him beneath a naked sword that was suspended from the ceiling by a single thread.
Discussions

TIL about the Sword of Damocles: an old Greek legend in which a sword was suspended above his head by a single strand of horse hair. This illustrates how people in positions of power live in a state of anxiety about an ever impending sense of doom
Sword of Damocles. I was never taught Greek mythology growing up and this allusion makes a lot more sense after doing some research More on reddit.com
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July 22, 2022
Could some explain the legend of sword of Damocles?
Dionysius of Syracuse was a historic person. Not to be confused with Dionysus the mythical god. He was a notorious tyrant and many people have written about him. You could read his Wikipedia article. Damocles is mentioned only in this anecdotal tale. He was a flatterer that praised Dionysius a bit too much. To demonstrate that it's not easy having so much power, Dionysius hanged a sword over Damocles' seat that could drop at any time. This tale based on hearsay, may or may not be real. But Dionysius did exist. More on reddit.com
🌐 r/GreekMythology
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April 26, 2025
What kind of sword was the Sword of Damocles?
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September 1, 2022
Sword of damocles
Great song on the new Trivium album. More on reddit.com
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Encyclopedia.com
encyclopedia.com › literature-and-arts › classical-literature-mythology-and-folklore › folklore-and-mythology › sword-damocles
Sword Of Damocles | Encyclopedia.com
Damocles was seated before a marvelous feast, when he happened to glance up in horror. Above his head hung a sharp sword, suspended by nothing more than a single thread. In this way, Dionysius showed Damocles that a ruler's life may appear grand, but it is filled with uncertainty and danger.
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GreekReporter.com
greekreporter.com › home › ancient greece › the sword of damocles: why great power comes with great danger
The Sword of Damocles: Why Great Power Comes with Great Danger - GreekReporter.com
May 20, 2024 - The story of the “Sword of Damocles” is one of the most well-known from ancient Greek history, and it perfectly illustrates the dangers that come with taking on a massive amount of power.
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Wiktionary
en.wiktionary.org › wiki › sword_of_Damocles
sword of Damocles - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
In the evening a banquet was held, where Damocles very much enjoyed being waited upon like a king. Only at the end of the meal did he look up and notice a sharpened sword hanging directly above his head, held only by a single horse-hair.
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HISTORY
history.com › home › articles › what was the sword of damocles? | history
What Was the Sword of Damocles? | HISTORY
May 27, 2025 - For Cicero, the tale of Dionysius and Damocles represented the idea that those in power always labor under the specter of anxiety and death, and that “there can be no happiness for one who is under constant apprehensions.” The parable later became a common motif in medieval literature, and the phrase “sword of Damocles” is now commonly used as a catchall term to describe a looming danger.
Find elsewhere
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Catholicbiblestudent
catholicbiblestudent.com › 2022 › 01 › what-is-the-sword-of-damocles.html
What is the Sword of Damocles? | Catholic Bible Student – A Blog About the Bible, Catholicism and the Habit of Study
January 24, 2022 - Damocles having extolled the great ... surrounded by every kind of luxury and enjoyment, in the midst of which Damocles saw a naked sword suspended over his head by a single horse-hair—a sight which quickly dispelled all his visions of happiness....
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Timeless Myths
timelessmyths.com › home › stories › the sword of damocles
Sword of Damocles - Origin & Meaning (Cicero, Dionysius)
October 24, 2024 - The Sword of Damocles is a phrase derived from a moral tale by Cicero involving Dionysius I of Syracuse and his courtier, Damocles. The story reveals the tension between power, wealth, and happiness, emphasizing that true joy does not come from ...
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Shackelford Funeral Directors
shackelfordfuneraldirectors.com › 2022 › 03 › the-sword-of-damocles
The Sword of Damocles
February 15, 2023 - Dionysius vacates his throne and allows Damocles to literally play King for a Day. But before he does, Dionysius suspends an incredibly sharp sword above said throne, a sword that constantly hangs over Damocles’ head, held in place by a single hair from a horse’s tail.
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Simple English Wikipedia
simple.wikipedia.org › wiki › Damocles
Damocles - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
October 10, 2024 - According to legend, when he spoke of the good life of King Dionysus, the king invited him to a banquet (large public meal). A sword was placed above Damocles, held up by a single thread.
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Quora
quora.com › What-is-the-myth-of-the-Sword-of-Damocles-and-what-is-the-allusion-of-the-sword-of-Damocles
What is the myth of the Sword of Damocles, and what is the allusion of the sword of Damocles? - Quora
Answer (1 of 4): It should be properly called “Sword over Damocles”, and it might be a true story. It was first mentioned in Timaeus of Tauromenium “History” in 356 BC. Damocles was a was being sycophantic to his King, Dionysius. The king offered to change places with him.
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Study.com
study.com › english courses › 3rd grade english
The Sword of Damocles: Lesson for Kids - Lesson | Study.com
February 2, 2020 - Damocles is a character in a Greek myth called 'The Sword of Damocles.' A myth is a fictional story that shows an example of how people think and act.
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Fandom
mummy.fandom.com › wiki › Sword_of_Damocles
Sword of Damocles | Rickipedia: The Mummy Wiki | Fandom
January 9, 2026 - The Sword of Damocles is an ancient weapon in Greek Mythology. The Sword is a potent weapon, of supreme might and strength, possessing the propensity to cut through anything. The legends of the sword serve as an ancestral tradition and a folklore, ...
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Reddit
reddit.com › r/askhistorians › what kind of sword was the sword of damocles?
r/AskHistorians on Reddit: What kind of sword was the Sword of Damocles?
September 1, 2022 -

I recognize that it is a parable created by Cicero, but it seems to reference an actual Dionysius of Syracuse (I can't tell if it's the Elder or Younger). Given the time and place of Dionysius ruler of Syracuse, what kind of sword would have been hanging above the head of Damocles?

Note: I am hoping for a visual description or image links if possible, I'm using it for an artistic reference.

Top answer
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In the 4th century BC there were two primary sword ‘types’ being used in the Greek world: a single edged Kopis or Makhaira and the straight and double edged Xiphos. While the Kopis is represented in Scillian art of the time, modern research shows it was not well represented among Greek forces; indeed this example from the Gela Krater shows the weapon in the hands of the bad-guy Amazons, as a kind of short hand for an obvious ‘barbarian weapon’. For more on this topic I recommend the work of Fernando Sanz who points to the Kopis being unusually under represented in Greek graves and other armament finds. A possible exception to this rule is the grave find of Thracian King Seuthes III, which did indeed have a well decorated Kopis. So with that addressed, that leaves us with the other sword; the straight Xiphos. This is the much more common weapon of the fighting Greek warrior, seen as the holstered side-arm on the previous Krater. This came in a few varieties , but typically was between 18-30 inches in total length, with a slightly flaring ‘leaf shaped’ blade, which was slightly more emphasized for thrusting than cutting. Xiphe tended to be more bespoke in their construction, compared to the mass produced Roman gladii which eventually replaced them. Xiphe hilts sport a simple cross guard, and usually slab scale grip construction which could be done with ivory, and embellished with gold and other fine decorations. The scabbards too could be intricately carved on their throat and chapes. Here are a few additional examples from Macedonian tombs , as well as a couple of Italian finds (page 4) . References: "En torno al origen y procedencia de la falcata ibérica" Fernando Quesada-Sanz J. Remesal, O.Muso (eds.) (1991) La presencia de materialetrusco en la Península Ibérica. Barcelona, pp.475-541.
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Word Histories
wordhistories.net › 2025 › 01 › 19 › damocles-sword
'sword of Damocles': meaning and origin
January 19, 2025 - This phrase alludes to the story of Damocles, a flatterer, who having extolled the happiness of Dionysius, tyrant of ancient Syracuse, was placed by him at a banquet with a naked sword suspended over his head by a single hair, to impress upon ...
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Language & Humanities
languagehumanities.org › what-is-the-sword-of-damocles.htm
What is the Sword of Damocles? (with picture)
May 23, 2024 - The Sword of Damocles is an object in a Greek legend that is designed to illustrate the perils of being in a position of power.
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TheFreeDictionary.com
idioms.thefreedictionary.com › sword+of+Damocles
Sword of Damocles - Idioms by The Free Dictionary
In Greek mythology, the courtier Damocles was forced to sit beneath a sword suspended by a single hair to emphasize the instability of a king's fortunes. Usually used in the phrase "a/the sword of Damocles hangs over one/one's head."